1.  Campbell, P., et al, "Isolation of Predominantly Submicron-sized UHMWPE Wear Particles from Periprosthetic Tissues", Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, Vol. 29: 127-313, 1995.

2.  Cooper, R., et al, "Polyethylene Debris-Induced Osteolysis and Loosening Uncemented Total Hip Arthroplasty", The Journal of Arthroplasty, Vol. 7: 285-290, 1992.

3.  Willert, H., et al, "Osteolysis in Alloarthroplasty of the Hip.  The Role of Utrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene Wear Particles", Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, Vol. 278: 95-107, 1990.

4. Henssge, E., et al, "Screwed Conical and Cemented Spherical Al2O3 Acetabular Components:  Follow Up, Histology and Autopsy Data", Bioceramics, Vol. 6: 277-282, 1993.

5. Mahoney, O., et al, "Unsatisfactory Results with a Ceramic Total Hip Prosthesis", The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Vol. 72-A: 663-671, 1990.

6.  Charnley, J., et al, "The Nine and Ten Year Results of the Low-Friction Arthroplasty of the Hip", Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, Vol. 95: 9-25, 1973.

7. Sedel, L., et al, "Alumina-On-Alumina Hip Replacement", Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Vol. 72-B(4): 658-63, 1990.

8. O'Leary, J., et al, "Mittelmeier Ceramic Total Hip Arthoplasty", The Journal of Arthroplasty, Vol. 3: 87-96, 1988.

9.  Adler, E., et al, "Stability of Press Fit Acetabular cups", The Journal of Arthroplasty, Vol. 7 No3: 295-301, 1992.

10.  Bobyn, J. D. et al: "The Optimum Pore Size for the fixation of Porous-Surfaced Metal Implants by the Ingrowth of Bone", Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, Vol. 150: 263-270, 1980.

11. Harms, J., et al, "Tissue Reaction to Ceramic Implant Material", Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, Vol. 13: 67-87, 1979.

12. Christel, P., et al, "Biomechanical Compatibility an Design of Ceramic Implants for Orthopaedic Surgery", Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Vol. 1523: 234-256, 1988.

13. Boehler, M., et al, "Long-Term Results of Uncemented Alumina Acetabular Implants", Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Vol. 76-B(1): 53-59, 1994.

14.  Tradonsky, S. et al, "A Comparison of the Disassociation Strength of Modular Acetabular components", Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, Vol. 296: 154-160, 1993.

15.  Wright Medical Technology, Inc. Internal Report.

16.  Wright Medical Technology, Inc. Internal Report.

17.  Wright Medical Technology, Inc. Internal Report.

18.  Wright Medical Technology, Inc. Internal Report.

19. Semlitsch, M., et al, "New Prospects for a Prolonged Functional Life-Span of Artificial Hip Joints by Using the Material Combination Polyethylene/Aluminium Oxide Ceramic/Metal", Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, Vol. 11: 537-552, 1977.

20.  Charnley, J. et al, Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, vol. 112: 170, 1975.

21.  Kawauchi, K., et al, "Total Hip Endoprostheses with Ceramic Head and H. D. P. Socket.  Clinical Wear Rate, Orthopaedic Ceramic Implants", Proceedings Japanese Society of Orthopaedics.  Ceramic Implants, 4: 253-257, 1984.  

22.  McKellop, H. et al, "Friction and Wear Properties of Polymer, Metal and Ceramic Prosthetic Joint Materials", Journal Biomedical Materials Research, 15: 619-653, 1981.

23.  Boutin, P., et al, "The Use of Dense Alumina-Alumina Ceramic Combination in Total Hip Replacement", Journal of Biomedical materials Research, Vol.22: 1203-1232, 1988.

24.  Schmalzried, T., et al, "Long-duration Metal-on-metal Total Hip Arthroplasties with Low Wear of the Articulating Surfaces", The Journal of Arthroplasty, 11:322-331, 1996.

25. Huo, M., et al, "Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasties Using Ceramic-On-Ceramic Articulation in Young Patients", The Journal of Arthroplasty, Vol. 11(6): 673-678, 1996.

26.  Jacobs, M, MD; Schmidt, MB, PhD; Farrar, R, B Eng; Rogers, L, MS; Bigsby, R, PhD, Factors that Influence the Wear Performance of Metal-on-Metal Hip Prostheses, pp 1-2.

27.  Jolles, B.M., Zangger, P., Leyvraz, P.F.: "Factors Predisposing to Dislocation After Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty." The Journal of Arthroplasty, 17: 3, 2002.

28.  Lachiewicz, P.F., Kelley, S.S.: "The Use of Constrained Components in Total Hip Arthroplasty." Journal of American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons, 10: 4, 2002.

29.  Woolson, S.T., Rahimtoola, Z.O.: "Risk Factors for Dislocation During the First 3 Months After Primary Total Hip Replacement." The Journal of Arthroplasty, 14: 6, 1999.

30.  Li, E, Meding J.B., Ritter, M.A., Keating E.M., Faris, P.M: "The Natural History of Posteriorly Dislocated Total Hip Replacement." The Journal of Arthroplasty 14:8, 1999.